I
 Jesús, Estrella, Esperanza, Mercy:
  Sails flashing to the wind like weapons,
  sharks following the moans the fever and the dying;
  horror the corposant and compass rose.
 Middle Passage:
 voyage through death
  to life upon these shores.
  “10 April 1800—
  Blacks rebellious. Crew uneasy. Our linguist says
  their moaning is a prayer for death,
  ours and their own. Some try to starve themselves.
  to the waiting sharks, sang as they went under.”
 Desire, Adventure, Tartar, Ann:
  Standing to america, bringing home
  black gold, black ivory, black seed.
 Deep in the festering hold thy father lies,
 of his bones New England pews are made,
 those are altar lights that were his eyes.
 Jesus Saviour Pilot Me
 Over Life’s Tempestuous Sea
 We pray that Thou wilt grant, O Lord,
 safe passage to our vessels bringing
 heathen souls unto Thy chastening.
 Jesus Saviour
  “8 bells. I cannot sleep, for I am sick
  with fear, but writing eases fear a little
  since still my eyes can see these words take shape
  upon the page & so I write, as one
  would turn to exorcism. 4 days scudding,
  but now the sea is calm again. Misfortune
  follows in our wake like sharks (our grinning
  tutelary gods). Which one of us
  has killed an albatross? A plague among
  our blacks—Ophthalmia: blindness—& we
  have jettisoned the blind to no avail.
  It spreads, the terrifying sickness spreads.
  Its claws have scratched sight from the Capt.'s eyes
  & there is blindness in the fo’c’sle
  & we must sail 3 weeks before we come
  to port.”
 What port awaits us, Davy Jones’
 or home? I’ve heard of slavers drifting, drifting,
 playthings of wind and storm and chance, their crews
 gone blind, the jungle hatred
 crawling up on deck.
 Thou Who Walked On Galilee
  “Deponent further sayeth The Bella J
  left the Guinea Coast
  with cargo of five hundred blacks and odd
  for the barracoons of Florida:
  “That there was hardly room ’tween-decks for half
  the sweltering cattle stowed spoon-fashion there;
  that some went mad of thirst and tore their flesh
  and sucked the blood:
  “That Crew and Captain lusted with the comeliest
  of the savage girls kept naked in the cabins;
  that there was one they called The Guinea Rose
  and they cast lots and fought to lie with her:
  “That when the Bo’s’n piped all hands, the flames
  spreading from starboard already were beyond
  control, the negroes howling and their chains
  entangled with the flames:
  “That the burning blacks could not be reached,
  that the Crew abandoned ship,
  leaving their shrieking negresses behind,
  that the Captain perished drunken with the wenches:
  “Further Deponent sayeth not.”
 Pilot Oh Pilot Me
  II
 Aye, lad, and I have seen those factories,
 Gambia, Rio Pongo, Calabar;
 have watched the artful mongos baiting traps
 of war wherein the victor and the vanquished
 Were caught as prizes for our barracoons.
 Have seen the nigger kings whose vanity
 and greed turned wild black hides of Fellatah,
 Mandingo, Ibo, Kru to gold for us.
 And there was one—King Anthracite we named him—
 fetish face beneath French parasols
 of brass and orange velvet, impudent mouth
 whose cups were carven skulls of enemies:
 He’d honor us with drum and feast and conjo
 and palm-oil-glistening wenches deft in love,
 and for tin crowns that shone with paste,
 red calico and German-silver trinkets
 Would have the drums talk war and send
 his warriors to burn the sleeping villages
 and kill the sick and old and lead the young
 in coffles to our factories.
 Twenty years a trader, twenty years,
 for there was wealth aplenty to be harvested
 from those black fields, and I’d be trading still
 but for the fevers melting down my bones.
  III
 Shuttles in the rocking loom of history,
 the dark ships move, the dark ships move,
 their bright ironical names
 like jests of kindness on a murderer’s mouth;
 plough through thrashing glister toward
 fata morgana’s lucent melting shore,
 weave toward New world littorals that are
 mirage and myth and actual shore.
 Voyage through death,
  voyage whose chartings are unlove.
 A charnel stench, effluvium of living death
 spreads outward from the hold,
 where the living and the dead, the horribly dying,
 lie interlocked, lie foul with blood and excrement.
  Deep in the festering hold thy father lies,
  the corpse of mercy rots with him,
  rats eat love’s rotten gelid eyes.
  But, oh, the living look at you
  with human eyes whose suffering accuses you,
  whose hatred reaches through the swill of dark
  to strike you like a leper’s claw.
  You cannot stare that hatred down
  or chain the fear that stalks the watches
  and breathes on you its fetid scorching breath;
  cannot kill the deep immortal human wish,
  the timeless will.
 “But for the storm that flung up barriers
 of wind and wave, The Amistad, señores,
 would have reached the port of Príncipe in two,
 three days at most; but for the storm we should
 have been prepared for what befell.
 Swift as the puma’s leap it came. There was
 that interval of moonless calm filled only
 with the water’s and the rigging’s usual sounds,
 then sudden movement, blows and snarling cries
 and they had fallen on us with machete
 and marlinspike. It was as though the very
 air, the night itself were striking us.
 Exhausted by the rigors of the storm,
 we were no match for them. Our men went down
 before the murderous Africans. Our loyal
 Celestino ran from below with gun
 and lantern and I saw, before the cane-
 knife’s wounding flash, Cinquez,
 that surly brute who calls himself a prince,
 directing, urging on the ghastly work.
 He hacked the poor mulatto down, and then
 he turned on me. The decks were slippery
 when daylight finally came. It sickens me
 to think of what I saw, of how these apes
 threw overboard the butchered bodies of
 our men, true Christians all, like so much jetsam.
 Enough, enough. The rest is quickly told:
 Cinquez was forced to spare the two of us
 you see to steer the ship to Africa,
 and we like phantoms doomed to rove the sea
 voyaged east by day and west by night,
 deceiving them, hoping for rescue,
 prisoners on our own vessel, till
 at length we drifted to the shores of this
 your land, America, where we were freed
 from our unspeakable misery. Now we
 demand, good sirs, the extradition of
 Cinquez and his accomplices to La
 Havana. And it distresses us to know
 there are so many here who seem inclined
 to justify the mutiny of these blacks.
 We find it paradoxical indeed
 that you whose wealth, whose tree of liberty
 are rooted in the labor of your slaves
 should suffer the august John Quincy Adams
 to speak with so much passion of the right
 of chattel slaves to kill their lawful masters
 and with his Roman rhetoric weave a hero’s
 garland for Cinquez. I tell you that
 we are determined to return to Cuba
 with our slaves and there see justice done. Cinquez—
 or let us say ‘the Prince’—Cinquez shall die.”
  The deep immortal human wish,
  the timeless will:
 Cinquez its deathless primaveral image,
 life that transfigures many lives.
  Voyage through death
  to life upon these shores.




















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